Corrosion is a natural process that can have significant consequences for the performance and lifespan of various materials. The economic and environmental costs of corrosion are considerable, estimated to be around 3% of the global GDP. For this reason, it is important to develop effective techniques for mitigating corrosion. Recent scientific research has focused on developing new and improved techniques for preventing or slowing down the rate of corrosion. Here are some of the most recent scientific research on corrosion mitigation techniques.
- Self-healing coatings: Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a self-healing coating that can repair damage caused by corrosion. The coating contains microcapsules filled with a healing agent that is released when the coating is damaged, repairing the damage and preventing further corrosion. In addition to preventing corrosion, self-healing coatings can also be used to repair scratches and other surface damage to materials such as paint and plastic.
- Corrosion-resistant alloys: Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new type of corrosion-resistant alloy that is stronger and more durable than existing alloys. The new alloy contains a high concentration of molybdenum and tungsten, which improve its resistance to corrosion in harsh environments. The Titanic, which famously sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, was constructed using a type of steel that was not corrosion resistant (Excessive sulphur in The Hull Steel).
- Advanced monitoring systems: Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have developed an advanced monitoring system that uses sensors and data analysis to detect and monitor corrosion in real-time. The system can identify potential problems before significant damage occurs, allowing for more effective preventative measures. Corrosion monitoring systems can use a variety of techniques to detect corrosion, including electrical resistance, ultrasonic waves, and spectroscopy.
- Plasma electrolytic oxidation: Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a new technique called plasma electrolytic oxidation, which can be used to create a highly corrosion-resistant layer on metal surfaces. The technique involves immersing the metal in an electrolyte solution and subjecting it to a high-voltage electric current, which causes a layer of oxide to form on the surface. Plasma electrolytic oxidation was first developed in Russia in the 1980s for use in the aerospace industry.
- Corrosion inhibitors: Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology have developed a new class of corrosion inhibitors that are more effective and environmentally friendly than existing inhibitors. The new inhibitors are based on organic molecules and work by forming a protective film on the metal surface. Some of the earliest known corrosion inhibitors were simple chemicals such as sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and sodium chloride (table salt) and they can also be found in some everyday products, such as chewing gum, which contains a small amount of antioxidant which prevents the gum from becoming brittle due to oxidation.
Author: Upender Reddy (ACA Technical Services Coordinator).